7. Quantization

• Quantization step size control
• Quantization parameter modulation

8. Entropy Coding

• Probability modeling techniques
• Arithmetic coding
• Transform coefficient scan order
• Symbols and contexts in entropy coding

9. In-loop Filtering

• Deblocking filter enhancements
• Constrained directional enhancement filter
• Loop restoration filters (Wiener and self-guided filters)
• Frame super-resolution methods
• Film grain synthesis for visual quality

10. Special Topics

• Performance evaluation of AV1
• Parallelism and hardware acceleration
• Reference software implementation